Prostate biopsies play a crucial role in diagnosing various conditions, but recovery afterward often raises questions. Many men find themselves concerned about how long recovery might take, potential side effects, and what to expect as they heal. 

If you have a prostate biopsy scheduled, you need to know what to expect — especially when it comes to recovery. Since the procedure is somewhat invasive, you will need to take time to rest for about a week afterward. 

At Golden State Urology, we strive to create an experience that’s as straightforward as possible. Here’s a look at what to expect for your prostate biopsy recovery period, including timelines, expected side effects, and when to call a doctor. 

Understanding the Prostate Biopsy Procedure

A prostate biopsy is a procedure conducted by your urologist to screen for abnormal tissue. If your doctor notices anything abnormal during a manual prostate screening, they will likely recommend a biopsy as the next step in the testing process. 

During this procedure, the doctor uses a small needle to remove a tissue sample from your prostate. The sample is sent to a lab and analyzed for cancer and other abnormalities. 

There are three methods for conducting a prostate biopsy: 

• Transrectal: This is the most common type of prostate biopsy. With this method, the needle is inserted through the wall of the rectum. The doctor uses an ultrasound device to identify where to take samples and guide the needle into place. 

• Transperineal: In a transperineal prostate biopsy, the doctor makes a small incision in the perineum, which is the skin between the anus and the scrotum. They then insert the needle into the incision to take tissue samples from the prostate. The doctor will usually use an MRI or a CT scan for precision. 

• Transurethral: With this approach, the doctor inserts a small scope through the urethra to gather tissue samples. This tool has a very small camera to guide the sample collection process. 

In most cases, your doctor will use local anesthesia to numb the prostate and the surrounding area, which helps keep you comfortable during the procedure. If you have a transperineal biopsy, your doctor may opt for general anesthesia instead to keep you safe and comfortable while they make the incision. 

A prostate biopsy is an outpatient procedure, so you return home on the same day. However, you will need recovery time after a prostate biopsy, as the procedure is somewhat invasive. 

The Typical Prostate Biopsy Recovery Time

Your life is busy. So, what is the recovery time for a prostate biopsy? 

While you will resume your regular routine fairly quickly, expect some side effects for the first week after the procedure. Here’s a look at the typical recovery period. 

Immediate Post-Biopsy Care (First 24 Hours)

If your prostate biopsy is done under general anesthesia, you will need someone to drive you home after the procedure. 

Directly after the biopsy, you may feel soreness and discomfort. You may also notice blood in your urine and stool, as well as minor bleeding from the rectum during other activities. 

Rest is important for the first day. Avoid heavy lifting, exercise, and sexual activity, which could strain your rectum. Most people need to take at least one day off from work after their procedure. You may also want to ask a friend or family member for help with basic chores around the house so you can rest properly. 

Some patients have difficulty urinating after a prostate biopsy, particularly after a transurethral biopsy. If you have this type of biopsy, your doctor may recommend using a catheter for the first few days of recovery. 

Short-Term Recovery (First Week)

You should be able to return to work and other daily activities within a day or two of your biopsy. However, some symptoms may persist. For example, you might continue to experience mild pain or swelling of the rectum and the surrounding area. 

You also might notice blood in your urine, stool, or semen. This can continue for a week or two, although symptoms should steadily improve. If you notice that bleeding or pain worsens or that you’re developing a fever, you should contact your doctor immediately. 

After about three to five days, you can return to a gentle exercise routine. However, if you still feel pain or are bleeding regularly, you may want to err on the side of caution and continue to avoid these activities until you’re completely healed. 

Follow your doctor’s instructions closely to reduce the chances of complications during this initial recovery period. For example, you may be prescribed an antibiotic to prevent infection. Be sure to take the entire course of the antibiotic or any other medication your doctor recommends. 

Long-Term Recovery Considerations (Beyond One Week)

Your symptoms should start to subside about one week after your biopsy. You may still experience some occasional blood in your urine, semen, or stool, but the amount will be minimal. 

Your pain levels should also improve, and you will be able to completely resume your normal exercise routine and have sexual intercourse. Continue to drink plenty of water and follow your doctor’s instructions. 

If your pain or bleeding isn’t improving, be sure to call your doctor right away. While infections after a prostate biopsy are rare, they can happen. If your symptoms aren’t going away, your doctor may ask you to return to their office or even go to the hospital to get further treatment. 

Managing Common Side Effects During Recovery After a Prostate Biopsy

During the initial recovery time from a prostate biopsy, you may experience some side effects. While these side effects are normal, they can also be very uncomfortable. Here’s how to manage some of the most common side effects of a prostate biopsy and stay on track for a healthy recovery:

Dealing with Pain and Discomfort

Feeling some pain in the rectum or surrounding area is normal after a biopsy. This pain can be particularly intense while sitting down. 

The most efficient way to manage this pain is to take over-the-counter pain relievers for the first day, such as Advil, Aleve, or Tylenol. Ask your doctor for personalized guidance about appropriate doses and timing. 

You can also use a warm compress to help your muscles relax and relieve some of the discomfort. Additionally, make sure you’re taking plenty of time to rest and relax, avoiding any strenuous activity that could worsen the pain. 

If you continue to experience sharp or overwhelming pain after the first two days of recovery, get in touch with your doctor to rule out any complications. 

Managing Bleeding and Urinary Symptoms

Blood in your urine, stool, and semen is normal when you’re recovering from a prostate biopsy, but these symptoms can be alarming and uncomfortable. 

Blood in your fluids should stop within one to two weeks of your biopsy. Be sure to drink plenty of water during this time, as hydration can help minimize the amount of blood in your urine and semen. Avoid caffeine and alcohol, as these can make the bleeding worse and slow the healing process. 

Preventing and Addressing Infection

Infection after a biopsy is rare but can happen. Signs of infection include fever, chills, or a drastic increase in pain. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor right away. 

Your doctor may also prescribe antibiotics to help prevent infection. Additionally, make sure you’re keeping your genital area clean and following any hygiene guidance provided by your doctor. 

Tips for a Smooth Recovery From Prostate Biopsy

While a prostate biopsy is somewhat invasive, it shouldn’t disrupt your routine for more than a few days. Here are some tips for a smooth and comfortable recovery: 

• Rest and avoid strenuous activities like exercising or lifting heavy objects. 
• Avoid intercourse and other sexual activities for at least a week after the procedure. 
• Drink plenty of water and avoid dehydrating liquids like coffee, soda, beer, or wine. 
• Use a stool softener if you are having trouble with bowel movements after your biopsy. 
• Have a family member or friend nearby to support you through the first day of recovery. 

Follow your doctor’s instructions very closely and contact them if you have any concerns or questions. 

When to Contact a Doctor

Complications from a prostate biopsy don’t happen often, but they can be severe if not right away. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor immediately: 

• High fever
• Severe pain
• Inability to urinate or pass a bowel movement
• Rash or other signs of infection

Talk to a Urologist on Our Team

Golden State Urology comprehensive urological care in Sacramento and Fremont, including prostate biopsies using cutting-edge technology. Whether you’re recovering from a biopsy or have one coming up, our team is here to answer your questions and provide the care you need. 

Visit our men’s services page to learn more, or contact us today to request an appointment. 

Prostate Biopsy Recovery FAQs

It’s normal to feel apprehensive about an upcoming biopsy. At Golden State Urology, our goal is to address your concerns and help you feel more confident about the procedure. Check out some of our most frequently asked questions below, and don’t hesitate to call us for more personalized health advice. 

How long will I see blood in my urine or semen?

It is normal to see blood in your urine or semen for one to two weeks after a prostate biopsy. 

When can I resume sexual activity?

You should avoid any type of sexual activity or ejaculation for at least one week after a prostate biopsy. 

How soon can I exercise after a prostate biopsy?

You can start exercising approximately three to five days after a prostate biopsy if your symptoms are improving. It’s best to start with gentle exercise and avoid anything too strenuous for your first workout. 

Is it normal to feel discomfort for more than a week?

You may still feel some mild discomfort in the second week after your prostate biopsy. However, your symptoms should improve very quickly after this point. If you are still feeling consistent discomfort or your pain is getting worse, get in touch with your doctor right away. 

How long does it take to recover from a prostate biopsy?

The recovery time for a prostate biopsy is typically one to two weeks in total. Depending on your occupation, you could return to work within two to five days, although you may still experience some symptoms depending on how physically demanding your job is.